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Corrosion And Chemical Reactions In Simulated Ship Transport CO2 Containers

Picture for Corrosion And Chemical Reactions In Simulated Ship Transport CO2 Containers
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Product Number: 51321-16669-SG
Author: Gaute Svenningsen; Bjørn Helge Morland; Arne Dugstad
Publication Date: 2021
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Carbon capture and storage will require transportation of large quantities of CO2 by pipelines or by ship.
The captured CO2 will usually contain traces of other components (impurities), typically at the ppm-level.
Previous research at simulated pipeline conditions (100 bar, 25°C) showed that certain impurities could
react and create reactants that are corrosive to carbon steel (typical construction material for pipelines
and ship tanks). Despite extensive corrosion research on pipeline conditions for CO2 transport, very little
research has been carried out for ship transport conditions (-50 °C -10 °C, 8 25 bara).
The present work tested chemical reactions and corrosion at simulated ship transport conditions -25°C
and 20 bar. A number of impurities (H2O, SO2, NO2, O2 and H2S) were continuously injected at a content
of 10 ppm-mol mixed in the CO2 bulk phase. The results indicate that essentially the same chemical
reactions take place at pipeline and ship transport conditions. However, a separate aqueous phase did
form at ship transport conditions but not on pipeline conditions. This is probably related to lower solubility
at low temperatures. However, the corrosion rate that was measured was low.

Carbon capture and storage will require transportation of large quantities of CO2 by pipelines or by ship.
The captured CO2 will usually contain traces of other components (impurities), typically at the ppm-level.
Previous research at simulated pipeline conditions (100 bar, 25°C) showed that certain impurities could
react and create reactants that are corrosive to carbon steel (typical construction material for pipelines
and ship tanks). Despite extensive corrosion research on pipeline conditions for CO2 transport, very little
research has been carried out for ship transport conditions (-50 °C -10 °C, 8 25 bara).
The present work tested chemical reactions and corrosion at simulated ship transport conditions -25°C
and 20 bar. A number of impurities (H2O, SO2, NO2, O2 and H2S) were continuously injected at a content
of 10 ppm-mol mixed in the CO2 bulk phase. The results indicate that essentially the same chemical
reactions take place at pipeline and ship transport conditions. However, a separate aqueous phase did
form at ship transport conditions but not on pipeline conditions. This is probably related to lower solubility
at low temperatures. However, the corrosion rate that was measured was low.

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Corrosion reactions in simulated CO2 ship transport conditions

Product Number: 51320-14572-SG
Author: Morten Tjelta, Bjørn Helge Morland
Publication Date: 2020
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For certain CCS (carbon capture and storage) projects, ship transport of captured CO2 to the storage site may prove more optimal than pipeline transport. The CO2 will be transported under two-phase conditions at low temperature (-10 to -25 °C) and moderate pressure (1.7 – 2.7 MPa), which are quite different from the typical pipeline transport conditions (5 – 60 °C and 7 – 12 MPa). Corrosion under pipeline conditions has been relatively well studied, and several conditions (impurity mixtures) that results in formation of corrosive acids have been identified. In contrast, almost no research exists on corrosion under ship transport conditions when the CO2 contains impurities. The present work tested corrosion of carbon steel at -25°C in CO2 with different concentrations of H2O, H2S, O2, NO2 and SO2. The experiments demonstrated that certain combinations of impurities gave no chemical reactions and no corrosion, while other combinations resulted in formation of solids and corrosive components that attacked carbon steel. The mass loss corrosion rate was around 0.1 mm/y. 
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