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Several alternating current (AC) coupon test stations (CTS) located near AC power lines were investigated to assess the AC interference corrosion risk of the test coupons. Asstation consisted of two ½ inch (1.27 cm) diameter and 1received each AC test inch (2.54 cm) long carbon steel (CS ) coupons. Coupons are much larger than 1 cm 2 and current density measurements are not 100% relatable to the SP21424 or ISO 18086 criteria, since these refer to measurements on (typically) 1 cm2 . The current densities measured on the coupons in this study will underestimate the AC corrosion threat.
In this paper, a test protocol for the laboratory analysis of the coupon test stations (CTSs) exposed to alternating current (AC) interference from the adjacent power lines was discussed in detail. Corrosion of coupons from the CTSs are mainly du e to AC interference, corrosive soil, or microbiological induced corrosion (MIC). This paper provides an overview of corrosion issues commonly experienced by coupons and presents specific case histories involving AC interference, corrosive soil, and MIC. D uring the laboratory analysis, coupons were examined visually and photographed, studied under stereo microscope, and the coupons were also examined in detail using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) in the as receiv ed condition and correspondingly after ultrasonic cleaning. The findings of the laboratory analysis are correlated with CTS historical data and relevant field inspection data to identify the actual cause of the corrosion of the CTSs.
AC interference studies have become increasingly popular in an industry where shared right of ways have increased and there has been a better understanding of how AC interacts between pipelines and powerlines that are collocated with each other. While modeling software for AC interference studies have been developed since the 1990s, advancement in AC interference processes have occurred as more has been learned over the years. When performing an AC interference study there are three steps that need to be completed: field data collection, modeling, and mitigation design. Within this paper, we can compare a project from ten years ago to a project from today to understand the developments that have been made over the course of time to improve the way we develop our mitigation designs.
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AC interference analysis between high voltage AC (HVAC) powerlines and buried pipelines is a matter of current interest due to the growing number of right-of-ways shared between powerline and pipeline infrastructure. This is only expected to increase as the worldwide energy demand grows considerably over the next 30 years,1 and stricter environmental regulations and policies are applied. Therefore, AC interference will continue to be an issue of concern for powerline and pipeline operators to protect the public, environment, and maintain asset integrity.
The motivation for this work was to perform a comprehensive test program to investigate several commercially available composite repair systems and their interactions with cathodic protection. Multiple test methods were utilized to prove there remains a low probability of shielding for composites of typical thickness and in a typical environment. This work will also discuss how results from current industry qualification tests (such as those specified in ASME PCC-2) can be considered when making long-term decisions regarding the effects of cathodic protection on composite repairs and the pipelines on which they are installed. This paper provides an innovative approach to test and validate the interactions of cathodic protection with several commercially available composite repair systems.