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A highly-corrosive sulfate reducing bacterium as a model microbe to improve MIC investigations

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MIC is a major problem in many industrial sectors, especially in the oil and gas industry. It is widely believed that almost 20% of all corrosion costs can be attributed to MIC. The shale gas and oil industry suffers from mostly MIC rather conventional abiotic CO2/H2S corrosion. Very severe MIC with fast failures are seen in field operations with very harsh operating conditions such as high salinity and nutrient-rich water, including treated municipal wastewater that promotes microbial growth. In some situations, titanium and plastic pipes are used to cope with MIC.

Product Number: 51323-18912-SG
Author: Lingjun Xu, Sith Kumseranee, Suchada Punpruk, Pruch Kijkla, Adnan Khan, Tingyue Gu
Publication Date: 2023
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$20.00
$20.00

For a long time, there was a 101 gap in corrosion rates between MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) lab tests and fast field cases. However, this gap is effectively closed when using Desulfovibrio ferrophilus (IS5 strain), as sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) for MIC testing. Using D. ferrophilus, weight loss as high as 36.6 mg/cm2 for one week (equivalent to uniform corrosion rate of 2.0 mm/year) on a carbon steel and pitting rate of 1.9 cm/year on 420 stainless steel, which is widely used against CO2 corrosion in pipelines, have been observed with negligible abiotic corrosion contribution. This SRB also has a much larger sessile cell count than Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a popular SRB strain widely tested in MIC studies. The highly-corrosive D. ferrophilus provides more reliable weight loss far above experimental error in short-term lab tests. This makes some previously unreliable studies feasible, including MIC variations for different pipeline clock positions and, MIC variations for different roughness values. This work provides some examples of lab testing using this SRB in lab tests. The experimental data in this work demonstrates that D. ferrophilus provided sufficient corrosion parameter differences to study pipeline clock position impact and corrosion surface roughness impact on SRB MIC of carbon steel.

For a long time, there was a 101 gap in corrosion rates between MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) lab tests and fast field cases. However, this gap is effectively closed when using Desulfovibrio ferrophilus (IS5 strain), as sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) for MIC testing. Using D. ferrophilus, weight loss as high as 36.6 mg/cm2 for one week (equivalent to uniform corrosion rate of 2.0 mm/year) on a carbon steel and pitting rate of 1.9 cm/year on 420 stainless steel, which is widely used against CO2 corrosion in pipelines, have been observed with negligible abiotic corrosion contribution. This SRB also has a much larger sessile cell count than Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a popular SRB strain widely tested in MIC studies. The highly-corrosive D. ferrophilus provides more reliable weight loss far above experimental error in short-term lab tests. This makes some previously unreliable studies feasible, including MIC variations for different pipeline clock positions and, MIC variations for different roughness values. This work provides some examples of lab testing using this SRB in lab tests. The experimental data in this work demonstrates that D. ferrophilus provided sufficient corrosion parameter differences to study pipeline clock position impact and corrosion surface roughness impact on SRB MIC of carbon steel.

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A Case Study on the Failure of Fiber Reinforced Epoxy (FRE) Lining on Condensate Storage Tank

Product Number: 51323-19193-SG
Author: Ahmad Raza Khan Rana, George Jarjoura, Syed Umair Niaz Bukhari
Publication Date: 2023
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A remarkable amount of financial loss is incurred every year because of premature failures of paints and coatings. The budget to repair such failures extremely outweighs the initial cost of coatings, since excessive engineering may be looked-for to access the deteriorating areas of a coating system. Additional accountability may also be anticipated if a facility stops operation for the essential repairs to be made.
A Case Study On Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion In Oil Producing Well Flowlines
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A Case Study On Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion In Oil Producing Well Flowlines

Product Number: 51322-17924-SG
Author: Amer Jarragh, Sandip Kuthe, Sharad Londhe, Akhil Jaithlya, Abeer Rashed, Nadine El-Kaouri
Publication Date: 2022
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Oil field operating company’s (1) flowline network in North and West Kuwait (NWK) has over 3000 wells connected through 6” carbon steel pipelines flowing from wellhead to the nearest Gathering Center (GC). Untreated wet crude is transported through the flowlines to GC’s directly or passing through the Remote Headers and Manifold (RHM) to GCs. In RHM, mixing of the wet crude takes place before it is sent to GC’s via transfer lines for further separation.  The flowlines are laid aboveground except at road crossings where they are buried. 
Picture for Sometime More Is Just More: THPS Biocide Laboratory Kill Study on Wildtype Sulfate Reducing Bacteria.
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Sometime More Is Just More: THPS Biocide Laboratory Kill Study on Wildtype Sulfate Reducing Bacteria.

Product Number: 51323-18858-SG
Author: J. Fajt
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a very common active ingredient in oil and gas biocides. While product labels provide broad guidelines application dosing the lowest effective dose of THPS is difficult to determine. Site water chemistry and bacteria biology variability will affect the dose need to achieve the desired level of bacteria population control. For these reasons biocide dose response studies are commonly conducted on solutions containing bacteria to determine the effect of treatments before application.
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