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97134 THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE ON CORROSION OF STAINLESS STEELS IN GASIFIERS

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Product Number: 51300-97134-SG
ISBN: 97134 1997 CP
Author: W.T. Bakker
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Previous work has shown that mixed oxidant corrosion below 600°C is characterized by the formation of outward growing Fe and Ni rich sulfide scales and inward growing Cr oxide and sulfide precipitation zones and/or scales. Depending on the PS2/PO2 ratio of the gas and the alloy composition, this can lead to the formation of semiprotective FeCr2S4 scales, accelerated corrosion through non protective internal oxidation of Cr or the formation of a highly protective dense oxide precipitation zone in the alloy surface. These results were obtained in gases containing 400 ppm HCl. In the present work the HCl content of the gas was varied from 0 - 1200 ppm. In addition, the effect of deposits containing 5-15% chlorides and exposure to high humidity conditions during downtime was studied. The data indicate that the presence of HC1 or chlorides will cause accelerated corrosion, once a threshold chloride level is reached. For many alloys the threshold level is very high and is only reached in the presence of chloride rich deposits. High humidity conditions during downtime can cause the formation of chloride rich liquids in deposits, which may concentrate at the scale/metal interface, thus causing accelerated corrosion during subsequent exposures. the worst case aqueous corrosion products can form below the high temperature protective scale, thus causing scale spallation, which will further increase corrosion losses. Keywords: oxidation, sulfidation, chlorination, stainless steels, gasifiers
Previous work has shown that mixed oxidant corrosion below 600°C is characterized by the formation of outward growing Fe and Ni rich sulfide scales and inward growing Cr oxide and sulfide precipitation zones and/or scales. Depending on the PS2/PO2 ratio of the gas and the alloy composition, this can lead to the formation of semiprotective FeCr2S4 scales, accelerated corrosion through non protective internal oxidation of Cr or the formation of a highly protective dense oxide precipitation zone in the alloy surface. These results were obtained in gases containing 400 ppm HCl. In the present work the HCl content of the gas was varied from 0 - 1200 ppm. In addition, the effect of deposits containing 5-15% chlorides and exposure to high humidity conditions during downtime was studied. The data indicate that the presence of HC1 or chlorides will cause accelerated corrosion, once a threshold chloride level is reached. For many alloys the threshold level is very high and is only reached in the presence of chloride rich deposits. High humidity conditions during downtime can cause the formation of chloride rich liquids in deposits, which may concentrate at the scale/metal interface, thus causing accelerated corrosion during subsequent exposures. the worst case aqueous corrosion products can form below the high temperature protective scale, thus causing scale spallation, which will further increase corrosion losses. Keywords: oxidation, sulfidation, chlorination, stainless steels, gasifiers
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Laboratory tests of corrosion potentials of engineering materials under influence of additions of chlorine and chlorite were measured. Materials were an Al-alloy, 316L stainless steel, 6Mo stainless, 3 duplex stainless steels, CuNi, Ti & carbon steel.
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