Menu
Search
Filters
Close
Menu

Save 20% on select titles with code HIDDEN24 - Shop The Sale Now

04284 Long-Term Performance of Steel in Concrete Immersed in Sea Water

Picture for 04284 Long-Term Performance of Steel in...
Available for download

Twelve-year laboratory tests of rebar reinforced concrete beams partially submerged in artificial seawater have confirmed that steel corrosion may occur a few months after immersion and may continue for many years.

Product Number: 51300-04284-SG
ISBN: 04284 2004 CP
Author: Del Hausmann, DA Hausmann Consulting
Publication Date: 2004
Industries: Maritime , Corrosion Monitoring and Control
$0.00
$20.00
$20.00

Twelve-year laboratory tests of rebar reinforced concrete beams partially submerged in artificial seawater have confirmed that steel corrosion may occur a few months after immersion and may continue for many years. An average steel potential of-71 mV (SCE) was established during the first few months of immersion. Pitting corrosion, marked by a sharp shift in potential of-200 to -300 mV, occurred when chlorides in sufficient concentration reached the rebar surface. Oxygen in air bubbles on the surface provided the cathodic reactant. The average potential reached a maximum negative potential of-547 mV (SCE) after four years immersion and subsequently increased to -360 mV after 12 years. The potential records are marked throughout by frequent spikes varying in amplitude from a fraction of a millivolt to more than 100 mV. It is believed the spikes reflect continuing competition between passivation in the highly alkaline pH of hydrated cement and corrosion in the acidic pH of active anodes. The tests have demonstrated that passive steel potentials are at least 200 mV more positive than corroding potentials, although this separation may not be evident in field measurements because of potential averaging effects.

 

Key words: Chlorides, concrete, corrosion threshold, passivation, pH, rebar, artificial seawater, steel potential.

Twelve-year laboratory tests of rebar reinforced concrete beams partially submerged in artificial seawater have confirmed that steel corrosion may occur a few months after immersion and may continue for many years. An average steel potential of-71 mV (SCE) was established during the first few months of immersion. Pitting corrosion, marked by a sharp shift in potential of-200 to -300 mV, occurred when chlorides in sufficient concentration reached the rebar surface. Oxygen in air bubbles on the surface provided the cathodic reactant. The average potential reached a maximum negative potential of-547 mV (SCE) after four years immersion and subsequently increased to -360 mV after 12 years. The potential records are marked throughout by frequent spikes varying in amplitude from a fraction of a millivolt to more than 100 mV. It is believed the spikes reflect continuing competition between passivation in the highly alkaline pH of hydrated cement and corrosion in the acidic pH of active anodes. The tests have demonstrated that passive steel potentials are at least 200 mV more positive than corroding potentials, although this separation may not be evident in field measurements because of potential averaging effects.

 

Key words: Chlorides, concrete, corrosion threshold, passivation, pH, rebar, artificial seawater, steel potential.

PRICE BREAKS - The more you buy, the more you save
Quantity
1+
5+
Price
$20.00
$20.00
Product tags
Also Purchased
Picture for 04298 Corrosion Evaluation of a High Performance
Available for download

04298 Corrosion Evaluation of a High Performance Cu-Based Alloy for Seawater Applications

Product Number: 51300-04298-SG
ISBN: 04298 2004 CP
Author: John O. Ratka, Brush Wellman Inc.; Manuel N. Maligas, FMC Technologies
Publication Date: 2004
$20.00

In seawater, higher strength nickel-copper alloys are used as alternatives to copper alloys. These  can be susceptible to chloride stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement in conditions where cathodic protection is utilized.  Copper-Nickel-Tin alloys (CuNiSn) show low corrosion rates in the free and coupled conditions.  Resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is demonstrated.
Picture for 04022 Experiences on Thermal Spray Aluminum
Available for download

04022 Experiences on Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating for Offshore Structures

Product Number: 51300-04022-SG
ISBN: 04022 2004 CP
Author: Desmond K.K. Tiong, Shell International; Halimah Pit, Sarawak Shell Berhad
Publication Date: 2004
$20.00

Since 1982, there has been a move to Thermal Sprayed Aluminum (TSA) coating in the “splash zone” of offshore structures.  Our experience indicates that an experience applicator, good surface preparation and quality of wire combined to achieve required thickness and apply the sealer to seal the entire surface.

 
Picture for 04625 Integrity Assessment of Marine Offshore
Available for download

04625 Integrity Assessment of Marine Offshore Networks Through Flowline/Wellhead Inspection Campaign

Product Number: 51300-04625-SG
ISBN: 04625 2004 CP
Author: Jeremiah Emeka Mbamalu and Frederick Oba Edeko, University of Benin
Publication Date: 2004
$20.00

This study seeks to generate corrosion data with a view to determining weak sections of the flow lines/wellhead structural facilities and installations. The offshore corrosion survey is also aimed at ascertaining the effectiveness of the CP system and integrity of the Crude Oil/Gas networks.
Categories
Industry
Recently viewed
Popular tags
View all

Association for Materials Protection and Performance

© AMPP All Rights Reserved.
Membership Terms of Content Use
Contact Customer Support