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03293 LONG-TERM EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CHLORIDE EXTRACTION ON LABORATORY SPECIMENS AND REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE COMPONENTS

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Product Number: 51300-03293-SG
ISBN: 03293 2003 CP
Author: ALI AKBAR SOHANGHPURWALA
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Electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE) is a process used to extract or remove chloride ions from chloride contaminated reinforced concrete elements. The extraction is accomplished by application of an electrical field between a temporary external anode and steel embedded in concrete. The electric field induces an ionic current in the concrete electrolyte, a portion of which is carried by the negatively charged chloride ions moving away from the embedded steel and towards the external anode. Once sufficient amount of chloride ions are extracted the surface of the concrete element is sealed to prevent future ingress of chloride ions into the concrete. To ascertain the long-term effectiveness of ECE, a total of 10 laboratory specimens fabricated and treated in an earlier study were evaluated over a five year period. At the start of this study, these specimens had already undergone five years of post treatment evaluation. Since treatment, the specimens were continually exposed to Northern Virginia climate. The variables in the specimen matrix included current density, total charge passed, anode material, and electrolyte. Three different current densities ranging from 93 to 600 mA/m2, three different totalcharge- passed ranging from 645 to 3,226 A-hr/m2, two different types of anode material, and three different electrolytes had been used to obtain a total of 10 specimens. A bridge deck of one structure and columns of another, treated during the earlier study were also included in this evaluation. The results of the long-term evaluation suggest that ECE was effective in mitigating corrosion in the laboratory specimens for over 10 years. Corrosion continued unabated in the control specimen and exhibited corrosion induced damage. Whereas, only specimens receiving a total charge of 645 A-hr/m2 exhibited early signs of corrosion initiation after 10 years of exposure. Although, some remigration of chloride ions was observed in the concrete above the top mat of reinforcing steel, no such migration was noted at the depth of the top mat reinforcing steel. Although chloride ions had been successfully extracted from the bridge deck, no difference between the treated and the control area were observed due to insufficient passage of time after treatment. The ECE treatment on the columns of the bridge deck had encountered several problems and was not successful in mitigating corrosion. KEY WORD: Electrochemical Chloride Extraction, Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel, Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Components, Bridge Superstructure Elements, Bridge Substructure Elements.
Electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE) is a process used to extract or remove chloride ions from chloride contaminated reinforced concrete elements. The extraction is accomplished by application of an electrical field between a temporary external anode and steel embedded in concrete. The electric field induces an ionic current in the concrete electrolyte, a portion of which is carried by the negatively charged chloride ions moving away from the embedded steel and towards the external anode. Once sufficient amount of chloride ions are extracted the surface of the concrete element is sealed to prevent future ingress of chloride ions into the concrete. To ascertain the long-term effectiveness of ECE, a total of 10 laboratory specimens fabricated and treated in an earlier study were evaluated over a five year period. At the start of this study, these specimens had already undergone five years of post treatment evaluation. Since treatment, the specimens were continually exposed to Northern Virginia climate. The variables in the specimen matrix included current density, total charge passed, anode material, and electrolyte. Three different current densities ranging from 93 to 600 mA/m2, three different totalcharge- passed ranging from 645 to 3,226 A-hr/m2, two different types of anode material, and three different electrolytes had been used to obtain a total of 10 specimens. A bridge deck of one structure and columns of another, treated during the earlier study were also included in this evaluation. The results of the long-term evaluation suggest that ECE was effective in mitigating corrosion in the laboratory specimens for over 10 years. Corrosion continued unabated in the control specimen and exhibited corrosion induced damage. Whereas, only specimens receiving a total charge of 645 A-hr/m2 exhibited early signs of corrosion initiation after 10 years of exposure. Although, some remigration of chloride ions was observed in the concrete above the top mat of reinforcing steel, no such migration was noted at the depth of the top mat reinforcing steel. Although chloride ions had been successfully extracted from the bridge deck, no difference between the treated and the control area were observed due to insufficient passage of time after treatment. The ECE treatment on the columns of the bridge deck had encountered several problems and was not successful in mitigating corrosion. KEY WORD: Electrochemical Chloride Extraction, Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel, Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Components, Bridge Superstructure Elements, Bridge Substructure Elements.
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