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02274 EFFECTIVENESS OF CORROSION INHIBITORS IN RETARDING PROPAGATION OF LOCALISED CORROSION

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In many service applications excursions in solution chemistry, temporary loss of inhibitor, or transient increases in temperature may give rise to localised corrosion. To test the return of inhibition when the loss is remedied, the use of an artificial pit has been investigated using simulations of cooling water and of of oil production formation water.

Product Number: 51300-02274-SG
ISBN: 02274 2002 CP
Author: A. Turnbull, D. Coleman, A.J. Griffiths, P.E. Francis, and L. Orkney
Publication Date: 2002
Industries: Oil and Gas Production , Chemical Inhibitors
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In many service applications excursions in solution chemistry, temporary loss of inhibitor, or transient increases in temperature may give rise to localised corrosion in an otherwise inhibited system. It is important to demonstrate that inhibition will be effective in retarding propagation of localised corrosion when normal conditions, appropriate to prevention of general corrosion, are restored. To test this requirement, the use of a 'pencil' type of artificial pit has been investigated using simple simulations of a cooling water and of an oil production formation water. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique and show that nitrite, as an example of a cooling water inhibitor, can be effective in retarding propagation with the appropriate dosage, a result that is not too surprising as it will act as a competing anion. Tests in simulated oil production formation waters at 50 °C demonstrated that an imidazoline-based inhibitor can decrease pit growth kinetics in nearly neutral CO2-saturated solution but does not appear to be so effective with oxygen contamination of that solution or in mildly acidic CO2-saturated solution.

Keywords: inhibition, cooling water, formation water, nitrite, imidazoline, pencil pit

In many service applications excursions in solution chemistry, temporary loss of inhibitor, or transient increases in temperature may give rise to localised corrosion in an otherwise inhibited system. It is important to demonstrate that inhibition will be effective in retarding propagation of localised corrosion when normal conditions, appropriate to prevention of general corrosion, are restored. To test this requirement, the use of a 'pencil' type of artificial pit has been investigated using simple simulations of a cooling water and of an oil production formation water. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique and show that nitrite, as an example of a cooling water inhibitor, can be effective in retarding propagation with the appropriate dosage, a result that is not too surprising as it will act as a competing anion. Tests in simulated oil production formation waters at 50 °C demonstrated that an imidazoline-based inhibitor can decrease pit growth kinetics in nearly neutral CO2-saturated solution but does not appear to be so effective with oxygen contamination of that solution or in mildly acidic CO2-saturated solution.

Keywords: inhibition, cooling water, formation water, nitrite, imidazoline, pencil pit

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Product Number: 51300-02276-SG
ISBN: 02276 2002 CP
Author: Hongbin Wang, Hongwei Wang, Hua Shi, Cheolho Kang, and Paul W. Jepson
Publication Date: 2002
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Results of inhibitor performance at slug flow in a 101.6 mm inner diameter horizontal pipeline. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electrom microscope (SEM) techniques are used to reveal that the strong bubble impact, high shear stress and turbulent intensity are the reasons for a poor performance of inhibitor.
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02288 EVALUATION OF INHIBITOR PERFORMANCE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST LOCALIZED CORROSION

Product Number: 51300-02288-SG
ISBN: 02288 2002 CP
Author: J. Marsh, J. W. Palmer and R. C. Newman
Publication Date: 2002
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 A novel evaluation technique, based on an artificial pit electrode, has been developed for inhibitor studies. The first example is of three generic inhibitors, against localised corrosion. The second is of three industrial inhibitors against existing localised corrosion on a north sea production platform
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Product Number: 51300-02405-SG
ISBN: 02405 2002 CP
Author: D. P. Wyman, R. D. Moll, J. D. Fox, F. J. Grad, and V. Mihalitsas
Publication Date: 2002
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A convenient protocol for screening the potential efficacy of scale inhibitors is described. All of the techniques used require relatively inexpensive equipment. Two types of scale are addressed in this paper, calcium carbonate and calcium oxalate, but the general procedures are expected to be applicable to inhibitor screening for others as well.
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