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Inhibited Erosion-Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Sweet Production with CaCO3 Versus Sand Particles

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In the oil and gas production industry carbon steel tubing and piping are susceptible to erosion-corrosion damage due to the erosive and corrosive nature of the flow. The combined effect of solid particle erosion and corrosion can increase the metal degradation rate while simultaneously decreasing the efficiency of corrosion protection systems including iron-carbonate scale formation and chemical inhibition. These combined effects can lead to higher corrosion rates surface pitting and material failure. Thus prediction of chemical inhibitor effectiveness when solid particles are being produced particularly important. Modeling this behavior is critical when the wells are deep or off-shore because coupon testing is impractical and replacement costs are high. Considerable research has been devoted to investigate the effect of sand erosion on the efficiency of corrosion inhibitors in sweet production/CO2 environments in presence of sand particles. However sand particles are not the only particles that occur during oil and gas production. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles can also be produced during oil and gas production because the majority of oil and gas production in the world is from carbonate reservoirs where calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles can enter into the flow of produced gas and oil. Currently little is known about the erosive effects of CaCO3 particles on the performance of corrosion inhibitors in CO2 environments. This paper describes experimental and modeling studies directed at understanding the influence of CaCO3 particles on the effectiveness of imidazoline-based inhibitor in reducing CO2 corrosion of carbon steel material. The performance of the inhibitor with CaCO3 particles is compared with the inhibitor performance for a flow containing sand particles. A phenomenological model based on Frumkin-type isotherm is presented as a technique for predicting inhibitor effectiveness for these flow conditions. Erosion-corrosion experiments were performed using flow loop set up with a direct impingement configuration in an iron carbonate forming environment. Electrochemical linear polarization resistance and weight loss methods were utilized to experimentally characterize erosion-corrosion rates for both types of solid particles.

Product Number: 51319-13433-SG
Author: Anass Nassef
Publication Date: 2019
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Picture for State of The Art Erosion Control Technology
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State of The Art Erosion Control Technology

Product Number: MPWT19-15301
Author: Prasad Laxman Kane* and Terry Wood, Ghulam Haider, Alireza Asgharpour, and Siamack A. Shirazi**
Publication Date: 2019
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Erosion of piping systems is a significant issue for many operators of hydrocarbon infrastructure causing a significant loss in revenue and an increase in installations, repair and maintenance costs. Currently, the use of erosion resistant coatings, reduction of flow rates and replacement/repair are the only mitigation controls against erosion. INTECSEA has been developing a novel Erosion Control Technology (ECT) that can reduce the impact of erosion on piping via the strategic placement of custom engineered inserts into the product stream. The two phases of ECT prototype testing under real-field multiphase conditions representing gas condensate fields have been performed at the E/CRC (The University of Tulsa). The superficial gas velocity (VSG) was varied from 31 m/s to 23 m/s with the superficial liquid velocity (VSL) fixed at 0.04 m/s and the sand particles were varied from 300 μm to 75 μm. The metal loss due to erosion was monitored using a set of UT probes in two consecutive elbows spaced 11D apart oriented in a vertical-horizontal loop. The erosion tests using prototype ECT inserts have shown a significant reduction in erosion at both the gas flow conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been a backbone in developing this technology and CFD results have shown good correlation with the physical tests. Discussions with leading operators for a field trial targeted for 2020 is ongoing.
Picture for Comparison of Inhibited Erosion-Corrosion with Calcium Carbonate Particles versus Sand
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51318-11093-Comparison of Inhibited Erosion-Corrosion with Calcium Carbonate Particles versus Sand

Product Number: 51318-11093-SG
Author: Anass S. Nassef / Kenneth P. Roberts / Edmund F. Rybicki / Michael W. Keller / Erin V. Iski /
Publication Date: 2018
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Data were collected to study the effect of an imidazoline based inhibitor on reducing CO2 corrosion of low carbon steel in erosive environments. Lower erosion-corrosion material loss was measured with inhibitor than with the protective iron carbonate scale.
Picture for Erosion-Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel Inhibition in Oil-Brine-Sand Flow
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51316-7426-Erosion-Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel Inhibition in Oil-Brine-Sand Flow

Product Number: 51316-7426-SG
ISBN: 7426 2016 CP
Author: Anass Nassef
Publication Date: 2016
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