AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Electrochemical Evaluation of the Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Ni Based Precipitation Hardening Alloys in Supercritical Sour Gas Service Conditions

Product Number: 51324-20426-SG

Author: Raymundo Case; Lei Zhao; Yuan Ding; Jason Ren; Tin Dunne

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This study evaluates the susceptibility to localized corrosion of alloys UNS N06625 and N07725 in both supercritical and subcritical CO2 with H2S present. Electrochemical experiments were performed at 200 °C, with CO2 present in both supercritical at 1500 psi and sub critical (450 psi) conditions, the H2S content was up to 10% mol and chloride concentration in the brine up to 25000 ppm, the test are performed with 1 g/l of S. The results in this study, indicate that the performance of both alloys in supercritical CO2 phase with H2S, show an extremely high anodic dissolution rate. This behavior is attributed to the formation of NiCO3 and NiS. The H2S content within the supercritical CO2 phase can support a high cathodic reaction rate through the S reduction reaction, which is incorporated in the passive layer to form Ni sulfides, this creates a passive layer susceptible to pitting at high Cl- content.

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis of Freshwater Foul-Release Coatings

Product Number: 41213-789-SG

Author: Bobbi Jo Merten, Allen Skaja, David Tordonato

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

Foul-release coating systems were examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure the degradation of coating dielectric properties in immersion. Three-inch by six-inch coated steel coupons were placed in dilute Harrison’s solution (DHS) to simulate constant immersion field conditions.

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Electrochemical Injection of Corrosion Inhibitors and Chloride Extraction for Protection of Steel Reinforcement

Product Number: 51319-13451-SG

Author: Milan Kouril

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Electrochemical chloride extraction from a reinforced concrete structure may be accompanied with an electrochemical injection of healing agents if such agents are positively charged and are able migrate towards the activated reinforcement. Positive charge carrying nanoparticles or cationic corrosion inhibitors might be the proper choice. Organic substances with a positive charge and their salts are mostly such inhibitors. Critical concentration of chlorides was investigated for fresh and carbonated concrete pore solution. Corrosion inhibition efficiency was evaluated by means of polarization resistance as a measure of corrosion rate. Sodium nitrite was taken as a reference corrosion inhibitor. Migration tests were performed in order to test the migration ability of promising cation corrosion inhibitors namely guanidine carbonate methylamine tetrabutylammonium bromide tetrabutylphosphonium bromide or triethylenetetraammine. Concentration profile of the inhibitors and chlorides was investigated in the testing concrete blocks. The best results have been obtained for guanidine carbonate and triethylenetetraammine. Both showed migration ability and reasonable corrosion inhibition efficiency. The migration characteristics of the cationic corrosion inhibitors were supplemented by numerical modelling.Acknowledgements: Financial support of the Czech Science Foundation (project 16-11879S) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Electrochemical Investigation and Modeling of Cathodic Reactions on Iron Sulfides in Acidic Solutions

Product Number: 51323-19428-SG

Author: Payman Sharifi Abdar, Bruce Brown, Srdjan Nesic

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

H2S corrosion, also known as sour corrosion, is a very serious type of metal degradation in oil and gas transmission pipelines. When H2S is present in an operating pipeline, localized corrosion is the type of attack which contributes to the most failures in oilfields, consequently, its impact on the economics of oil and gas production is indisputable. Therefore, mitigation of this type of corrosion could prevent such failures and significantly enhance asset integrity while reducing maintenance costs as well as eliminating environmental damage.

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Electrochemical Investigation Into the Influence of Monoethylene Glycol on CO2 Corrosion in the Presence of Acetic Acid

Product Number: 51321-16332-SG

Author: Md Mayeedul Islam/Rolf Gubner/Thunyaluk Pojtanabuntoeng

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Electrochemical Investigation Of Alloys For Alkaline Water Electrolyzers

Product Number: 51321-16975-SG

Author: Morten Tjelta; Simona Palencsar, Jon Kvarekvål

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Electrochemical Investigation of Duplex Stainless Steel Cladded Carbon Steel Manufactured via Powder

Product Number: 51319-13538-SG

Author: Pratik Murkute

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The duplex stainless steels find extensive applications where there is a need for highly corrosion resistant materials i.e. oil and gas industry nuclear power generation seawater applications. This study aims to investigate the electrochemical and corrosion properties of duplex stainless steel cladded carbon steel manufactured using powder bed the selective laser melting (PB-SLM) technique in 3.56 wt.% NaCl solution. The PB-SLM technique involves spreading of a thin layer of duplex stainless steel powder on a mild steel substrate and localized melting with Yb - fiber laser. Crucial parameters of the PB-SLM process such as laser power laser-scanning speed and layer thickness were optimized and fine-tuned to achieve the best possible bonding between the clad material and the carbon steel substrate. Using the optimized process parameters carbon steel substrates were cladded with stainless steel of various thicknesses. Several mechanical and microscopic tests (viz. nano-indentation X-ray diffraction Scanning electron microscopy) were performed to characterize both the bulk properties of the stainless steel layer and the interface between the cladding and the substrate. Electrochemical and corrosion properties were tested via. open-circuit potential monitoring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic polarization (CP) in the said electrolyte. Scanning vibrating electrode technique was employed to study the galvanic corrosion properties of the duplex stainless steel and carbon steel at the clad-substrate interface.

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Electrochemical Investigation of the Integrity of Cathodic Protection MMO Anodes in the Presence of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors

Product Number: 51324-21177-SG

Author: Juan Dominguez Olivo; Terry Natale; Sujay Math

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Cathodic protection (CP) technology is widely utilized to safeguard aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) against soil-side corrosion, with the U.S. Department of Transportation mandating the implementation of CP systems for ASTs governed by federal regulations. CP is typically applied to the new ASTs bottom through the installation of anodes under the tanks. The anodic portion of impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems consists of titanium conductor bars and mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes which are embedded in the sand bed a few inches below the new bottoms. To enhance the soil-side protection of tank bottoms, the combined usage of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors (VCIs) and CP systems has shown promise. Previous studies have indicated that the use of VCIs and CP is synergistic, and the performance of anodes remained unaffected by the presence of VCIs. Building upon these findings, the present research aims to investigate the integrity of titanium substrate MMO anodes in the presence of VCIs. This study focuses on the electrochemical characteristics of titanium substrate mixed metal oxide (MMO), in conjunction with VCIs. Through the utilization of ASTM G61, the research findings suggest that the pitting immunity nature of MMO and titanium anodes remains unaltered in the presence of VCIs.

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Electrochemical Methods vs Long-Term Immersion Tests to Assess Localized Corrosion Tendencies of Corrosion Inhibitors (Phase II)

Product Number: MECC23-20180-SG

Author: Yolanda De-Abreu; Gabriela Garcia; Ana Ferrer; Geeta Rana

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Electrochemical methods have long been utilized to provide real-time corrosion information but have rarely been used to study localized corrosion. Most recently, electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic polarization (CP) were investigated to predict pitting tendencies and the work was presented in 2022.

Based on this work, it was proved that CP technique can be used to predict localized corrosion tendency of continuous corrosion inhibitors.

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Electrochemical Model of CO2 Corrosion in the Presence of Quaternary Ammonium-type Corrosion Inhibitor Model Compounds

Product Number: 51319-13392-SG

Author: Juan Dominguez Olivo

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The oil and gas industry utilize surfactant-type organic corrosion inhibitors as a way to mitigate internal pipeline corrosion. Changes in corrosion rates due to inhibitor addition have been related to adsorption isotherms as a function of the inhibitor concentration. However the question as to how a corrosion inhibitor affects the electrochemical reactions governing CO2 corrosion remains unclear. This research proposed to investigate the aforementioned question by using a systematic approach: four different corrosion inhibitors synthesized in-house were utilized to determine the effect of the tail length on the activation energy of the electrochemical process underlying the corrosion of an API 5L X65 steel in CO2 corrosion at pH 4. The corrosion inhibitors all contained the same head group (dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium) with four different alkyl tail lengths (C4 C8 C12 and C16). A theoretical description of the increase in the activation energy of the electrochemical process underlying CO2 corrosion due to the presence of the corrosion inhibitors was proposed. Such a description also led to the development of a modified Butler-Volmer equation that describes the retardation in charge transfer rates of the electrochemical reactions associated with the corrosion of mild steel. The model is based upon changes in activation energy calculated by an Arrhenius plot. The model was compared with experimental potentiodynamic sweeps for each corrosion inhibitor model compound. As a result the corrosion model predicts the corrosion rate and the open circuit potential in the presence of a corrosion inhibitor with reasonable accuracy.

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Electrochemical Model of Sour Corrosion of Mild Steel - Validation at High H2S Partial Pressures

Product Number: 51317--9098-SG

ISBN: 9098 2017 CP

Author: Saba Navabzadeh Esmaeely

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

H2S corrosion mechanisms, specifically at high partial pressures of H2S (pH2S), have not been extensively studied because of experimental difficulties and associated safety issues. The current study was conducted under well-controlled conditions at pH2S of 0.05 and 0.096 MPa.

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Electrochemical Noise Measurements for Assessing Level of Corrosion Protection Being Afforded by a Coating to External Metal Structures Using a Hand-Held Portable Device

Product Number: 51318-10860-SG

Author: Michael T. Woldemedhin / Chi Lee / Brian Skerry / Douglas J. Mills

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

A portable electrochemical noise measuring device has recently been developed to evaluate the corrosion-protective properties of anti-corrosive coatings in-service.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance