AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Effect of TEG in Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Product Number: 51324-20648-SG

Author: Gaoxiang (Garret) Wu; Chong Li

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion control in CO2 pipelines for carbon capture and storage (CCS) has gained a lot of attention in the past decade. Rigorous controls have been established for water content in the CO2 stream to avoid corrosion induced by free water dropout. TEG (triethylene glycol) has been commonly used as a dehydration method for CO2 transport. It was found that TEG droplets were carried into CO2 pipelines and absorbed water from the CO2 stream. The settlement of TEG/water mixture in low spots can potentially cause corrosion. This paper investigates the effect of different TEG / water mixing ratios with or without flow on the corrosion behavior (general and localized corrosion) of carbon steel pipeline materials in simulated CCS environments. The results provide experimental data to assess corrosion-related risks due to TEG droplets carry over from gas dehydration systems into CO2 pipelines. Key words: TEG, water, CCS, corrosion, supercritical CO2 (sCO2)

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Effect of Temperature on Adsorption Behavior and Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Imidazoline-Type Inhibitor

Product Number: 51317--9350-SG

ISBN: 9350 2017 CP

Author: Yuan Ding

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

In the present study, the effect of temperature on the adsorption/desorption kinetics and thermodynamics of diethylenetriamine talloil fatty acid imidazoline (DETA/TOFA imidazoline) is studied on a gold coated crystal using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) in a CO2 saturated 1wt% NaCl aqueous solution.

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Effect of Temperature on Corrosion in Saturated Ammonium Chloride Solution

Product Number: 51324-20856-SG

Author: Matthieu Regniere; Christophe Mendibide; Rikard Norling

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The highly corrosive behavior of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is known to originate from its intrinsic hygroscopic nature. Refining and co-processing process units for biofuels are often exposed to highly concentrated NH4Cl solution either resulting from water vaporization from an HCl and NH3 containing solution when the temperature increases or salt deposition from vapor phase when the temperature drops. For the latter case, once it reacts with water vapor present in the process, the deposited NH4Cl salts forms a concentrated and corrosive solution through deliquescence (unlike in conventional refinery). Consequently, severe pitting and localized corrosion are reported in hydrogenation and fluid cracking units. Therefore, studying corrosion resistance alloys (CRA) compatibility in the presence of concentrated NH4Cl salt solution is crucial to mitigate corrosion in the process. This paper reports the experimental evaluation of corrosion resistance of different CRAs, based on corrosion rate and stress corrosion cracking, exposed to saturated NH4Cl solution in the temperature range of 130-220°C.

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Effect Of Temperature On Inhibition Efficiency And Data Analysis With Different Adsorption Isotherms

Product Number: 51322-17895-SG

Author: Yi He, Shuai Ren, Xi Wang, David Young, Marc Singer, Maalek Mohamed-Saïd, Sheyla Camperos

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the oil and gas industry, long-distance transportation of petroleum and related products is usually carried out in large-diameter carbon steel pipelines. Water present with the oil, along with corrosive species such as CO₂, H₂S and organic acids, causes severe corrosion of the inner pipe walls.¹ An effective method of controlling corrosion is to continuously inject corrosion inhibitors into pipelines conveying oil-water mixtures. As corrosion occurs on water wetted metal surfaces, corrosion inhibitor (CI) molecules form protective films which retard electrochemical reaction rates at the water-metal interface,² thereby protecting carbon steel pipes against CO₂ ("sweet") corrosion and H₂S ("sour") corrosion. Most commercial CIs are a complex mixture of several compounds that contain surfactant-type active ingredients, such as imidazoline, amine, phosphate ester, and quaternary ammonium derivatives.

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Effect of Temperature on Iron Sulfide Formation and Transformation on Steel Surface

Product Number: MECC23-19971-SG

Author: Abdulrahman Alqahtani, Faisal Abbas, Omar Al-Saif, Layan AlSharif, Muthukumar Nagu, Christian Canto Maya

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In sour (H2S) corrosion systems, a small amount of H2S can retard the general CO2 corrosion rate of carbon steel by forming a passive iron sulfide (FeS) layer [1], [2]. Environmental factors dictate the formation of protective or partially protective FeS layers on carbon steel surfaces. High H2S levels often result in stable films that reduce the corrosion rate, contingent upon the maintenance of the sulfide layer [2]. Conversely, in slightly sour systems, which initially form mackinawite (FeS) [3], the system has the potential to cause pitting and extremely high localized corrosion rates [2].

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Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion Performance of UNS K91560 Steel in the Partial Upgrading of Oilsands Bitumen

Product Number: 51323-19450-SG

Author: Xue Han, Yimin Zeng

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In spite of the current focus on promoting renewable energy, oil and gas will still remain the largest energy source to support energy demand by 2050. As the world’s 4th largest crude oil producer and 3rd exporter, Canada produces 4.97 MMb/d of crude oil as of 2020. As the depletion of conventional crude oil reserve, more efforts have been taken to economically exploit the unconventional resources including oilsands bitumen.

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Effect of the Austenite Spacing in Duplex Stainless Steel on the Sour Cracking Resistance

Product Number: 51324-20655-SG

Author: Christophe Mendibide; Matthieu Regniere

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This paper presents the results of a study aiming at evaluating the effect of austenite spacing on the sour cracking resistance of a duplex stainless steel. The stress corrosion cracking resistance was assessed using slow strain rate (SSRT) and constant load tests. Under SSRT, a clear effect of the austenite spacing is observed. Above a threshold spacing, the pH-pH2S acceptability domains are smaller as the austenite spacing increases. This effect is however not seen under constant load at 90% of the actual yield strength, suggesting that a dynamic straining or a large plastic strain is needed to highlight the effect of this parameter.

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Effect of the Substitution of Ni by N and Mn in Lean Duplex Stainless Steels on SCC Assisted by H2S

Product Number: 51317--8943-SG

ISBN: 8943 2017 CP

Author: Fiona Ruel

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Measurement of uniform corrosion resistance in the presence of H2S, through polarization curves, and slip steps height and spacing, through Atomic Force Microscopy technique (AFM) have been performed.

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Effect of the Superduplex Microstructure on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility

Product Number: 51319-13062-SG

Author: Pauline Huguenin

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Superduplex stainless steel UNS S32750 / EN 1.4410 presents very high corrosion resistance together with elevated mechanical strength making it especially suited for subsea systems. Despite the material excellent properties a number of in-service failures have been recorded especially when it is subjected to cathodic protection. This grade is also known to be sensitive to intermetallic phase precipitation e.g. σ-phase whose deleterious effect is well documented. Therefore manufacturers have optimized metallurgical routes to deliver superduplex products free from intermetallic phases. However very few residual particles may be present under the form of centerline intermetallic stringers and their effect on hydrogen embrittlement is not well documented.The present study aims at evaluating the influence of the intermetallic phases in centerline stringers on the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of superduplex stainless steel. Heat treatment have been performed on superduplex sheets in order to obtain different configurations of intermetallic phase – free from σ-phase presence of centerline intermetallic stringers presence of σ-phase over the full thickness. Specimens have been then tested by means of slow strain rate tensile test in simulated deep sea water (0.5 M NaCl 4 °C) under cathodic polarization at -1100 mV/SCE. All duplex microstructures and fracture surfaces were investigated using low and high magnification microscopy. The strain to fracture is estimated by the section reduction at the fracture surface and the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility is defined for each microstructure as the reduction of the strain to fracture compared to a reference test in deionized water at 4 °C (RAR).With the presence of hydrogen fracture mode changes from ductile to transgranular quasi-cleavage. No effect of centerline intermetallic stringers (up to 0.08% of sigma σ-phase) on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility has been measured.Considering the sample with σ-phase over the full thickness the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is artificially high due to the low initial ductility measured in the reference test. Therefore the influence of hydrogen was only insignificant as observed on the fracture surface which remains ductile.

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Effect Of Thermal Aging On The Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of High-Ni And Ni-Base Alloys

Product Number: ED22-17125-SG

Author: Caitlin Huotilainen, Zaiqing Que, Yanling Ge, Petteri Lappalainen, Noora Hytönen, Ritva Korhonen, Santtu Huotilainen

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

High-strength materials with excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties are highly sought after for use in light water reactor (LWR) type nuclear power plants (NPP). In western pressurized water reactors (PWR), nickel-base alloys are often the main structural materials for the steam generator (SG) tubes, while in Russian PWRs or water-water energetic reactor (VVER) high-nickel alloys, for example XH35BT (35 wt.% Ni), can be found in some primary side high strength applications, such as reactor pressure vessel internals (RVI).

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Effect of Thiosulfate on Metastable Pitting in Chloride Containing Environment

Product Number: 51315-5971-SG

ISBN: 5971 2015 CP

Author: Yushu Wang

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

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Effect of Thiosulfate on the Pitting Corrosion of Nickel Base Alloys in Chloride Solutions

Product Number: 51317--9036-SG

ISBN: 9036 2017 CP

Author: Mariano Kappes

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Pitting corrosion susceptibility of UNS N06600, UNS N06690 and UNS N08800 was studied in pure 1 M NaCl with and without Na2S2O3 additions. The alloys were tested in the as-received (AR), solution annealed (SA) and aged (SA + A) conditions.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance